Edible Oil Refinery : Edible Oil Refining, Oil Refining Plant
The steam generator and the vaccum pump are on the back side which can not be seen. Berometric Condensor and catchalls with 40ft, tower won't be shown.
Process Description :
For refining the oil, there are three basic steps in the refinery. The first step is to neutraliz the oil in the neutralizer and remove the free fatty acids (FFA) by adding caustic soda. The oil is heated upto about 60°C by thermic fluid coils at the same time oil is stirred by the stirrer. Next as the chemical reaction, the formed soap stock is allowed to settle at the bottom of the neutralizer from where it is taken out into the soap pan.
The second vessel which the neutralized oil drawn into is called the bleacher and just here the color of the oil is removed by the bleaching process with aid of chemicals. Such as carbon black and bleaching earth. The oil is generally heated upto 110°C by thermic fluid coils. Stirring is also continued. Bleaching process is done under vacuum.
After that, the bleached oil goes to the filter press in which the bleaching earth and chemicals are separated. The clean bleached oil is drawn to the deodorizer where the oil is heated above 110°C through the thermic fluid coils. After the live steam is given to the oil from the bottom steam nozzles, the temperature of the oil will raise upto 200 to 220°C through the thermic fluid coils. The entire process is done under the high vacuum. Thus the smell wil be removed from the oil in the deodorizer. Then it goes to the cooler where the water circulating coils take away the heat and the oil will be cooled. Again it goes to the second filter press where the completely refined, transparent and the less color oil is obtained.
The thermic fluid boiler, the vacuum pump, the barometric condenser, the catchalls, the steam generator etc. are playing their own roles in the refining process. So these equipments are parts of the refinery and connected with the vessels through pipelines.
Additional Process for palm oil refining :
For the palm oil refining plant , the fractionation process is required in which the palm olein and the palm styrene are separated scientifically by cooling the refined palm oil with chilling the plant and filtering the oil. When refer to this purpose, the crystalized vessel is used in the chilling pipe coils to cool the oil for fractionation. Because of the chilling, the palm styrene crystals are formed and separated in the filter press . The pure liquid of palm olein is obtained and the palm styrene cake is retained in the filter press.
Specifications of Edible Oil Refining Plant :
Capacity: 5 tonnes per day i.e. 4 batches of 1250 kg. eachS
» All the main vessels i.e. two neutralizers, one bleacher and one deodourizer are properly arranged on the first floor of the steel structure. So all these vessels are hanging on the steel strucutre. Just below the two neutralizers, two soap pans are resting on the ground floor in which the soap stock is collected. There is a steam pipe arrangement in the soap pans also.
» The steel structure is in the size of 14ft. x 14ft. (i.e. 4.25mtr. x 4.25mtr). The first floor is 9ft. above the ground level. There are 8 coloumns of the double chanel which supports the entire steel structure. It has a proper staircase and railings on all the sides of the steel structure at the first floor and staircase. Two filter presses are also accomodated on the first floor of the steel structure.
» Two oil tanks i.e. raw oil tank and bleached oil tank are accomodated under the strucutre on the ground floor. Then the cooler, the thermic fluid boiler, two steam generators, the vacuum pump, the water pumps, the oil pumps and the refined oil tank are arranged on the ground floor around the steel structure i.e. outside the square of 14ft. x 14ft. of the steel structure. So the total occupied space is about 30ft. × 30ft. (9mtr. x 9mtr.)
» The 40ft. tower is erected just near the deodourizer, its complete structure is supported from the ground floor and attached with the refinery structure. The berometric condenser is arranged at 40ft. height to create proper vacuum.
» All types of piplines are interconnected as every requirement of the refinery i.e. oil pipelines (yellow colour), vacuum pipelines (blue colour), steam pipelines (black colour), water pipelines (white colour), thermic fluid pipelines (red colour). At all appropriate places, proper valves are provided in the pipelines.
» The neutralizer is provided with thermic fluid coil for heating the oil.
» The bleacher is provided with double pipe coil. One is for thermic fluid , another is for cooling water.
» The deodorizer is provided with double pipe coil i.e. in both the coils, the thermic fluid is circulated. The steam is ejected from the stainless nozzles provided on the steam pipe cross supported at the bottom.
» The cooler is provided with double pipe coil. Both for cooling water.
» In every vessel temperature gauge is provided. The vacuum gauge is provided on deodorizer, bleacher and cooler.
» The neutralizer is open on the top having conical bottom.
» The bleacher has dished ends on both the sides. Similarly deodorizer has dished ends on both the sides. The cooler has also dished ends on both the sides.
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 Bleaching |
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Degumming and Alkali Refining |
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Deodorzing
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 Dewaxing and Fraction
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Specification of Edible Oil Refining Plant with Fractionation Process :
» There will be chilling plant for fractionation process which includes shell and tube chiller, compressor, motor, pump, condenser, control panel box etc.
» The crystallizing unit is similar to neutralizer complete with chilling coil.
» Filter press for separation of palm olein and palm stearin.
